The Issue Of Abortion On The Philippines Essay - 1620 Words

Abortion in the Philippines Julian Mayugba Hudson County Community College Abstract This paper goes over the legality status of abortion, the risks of illegal abortion, the overpopulation problem related to pregnancy, the limited availability of contraceptives, and how religion ties these things together in the Philippines. I was inspired to write about pregnancy in the Philippines after learning one of my female friends in the Philippines, who is about the same age as me, had gotten pregnant and dropped out of university. My friend who comes from a poor family, made me question her decision to get pregnant; dropping out of school meant that she would continue to be poor in the Philippines. KEYWORDS: abortion, pregnant, Philippines, overpopulation Abortion in the Philippines The Philippines is a nation that contains about 7,641 islands (CNN Philippines Staff, 2016). It is a primarily Roman Catholic country, with an estimated 75,940,000 followers in 2010 (â€Å"Table: Christian Population in Numbers by Country†, 2011). Due to the Roman Catholic majority, the government of the Philippines is heavily influenced by religion. The country faces an overpopulation problem and as of August 1, 2015, the population of the Philippines was 100,981,437 (Bersales, May 19, 2016). The overpopulation problem is caused by the religious stigma on the use of contraceptives, the lack of high-quality sexual education in schools, and abortion being illegal due to religious morals.Show MoreRelatedThe Legalization of Abortion: an Advantage Taken for Granted1619 Words   |  7 Pageswhat would you pick? The same concept applies with the issue of abortion. AbortionÂâ€" a procedure that deliberately removes a fetus in a womans wombÂâ€" has be en a major issue tackled by numerous countries and worldwide society. It is a process of taking away a child before it is able to live in the outside world. Through the years, it has been a debatable topic being talked about by various sectors and individuals, even here in the Philippines. It is very controversial because of the valid reasons onRead MoreRecurring Issues Of The Roman Catholic Church1228 Words   |  5 PagesRECURRING ISSUE IN THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH, ORTHODOXY AND PROTESTANTISM The most important recurring issues in the study of the history of Christianity during our time period is sexual abuse amongst the Catholic Clergy and abortion, the killing of a living entity, as it is a sin against God according to biblical doctrine. Many believe that sexual abuse happening in the Catholic Church, is directly related to celibacy. The Churches restriction on priests that directs them to abstain from sexualRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion1635 Words   |  7 PagesHowever, to solve this issue the option of abortion was brought to the forefront by scientists and advocates such as Dan Savage who mentioned that abortion should be mandatory for the next 30 years in or to control the population. (Ertlet) For countries such as the U.S. with a growth rate being 1.6%, the proposal of widespread abortion is highly recommended as mentioned by obstetricians and gynecologists. (MumfordKessel) Who now leaves the question as to if the option of abortion should be used as aRea d MoreAbortion - Argumentative Essay1093 Words   |  5 PagesARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ‘ABORTION Our world today is full of unsolved, devisive and controversial issues. Most of them relate to our morals, ethics and religion, thus creating a very strong ‘yes and ‘no, or ‘good and ‘bad side. Like the Chinese Yin and Yang sign, abortion has a very prominent ‘black and ‘white side but also contains traces of each in the alternating colour. This shows that if you were to come to any kind of conclusion on abortion, there would still be a downside toRead MoreEvidences on Abortion Should Not Be Legalized6219 Words   |  25 PagesAileen Grace Delima January 18, 2008 BIO 199 Abortion in the Philippines: Reasons and Responsibilities Abortion is a controversial issue but it should be discussed because it is happening, and is more widespread than we care to admit. If we truly care about life, then we must understand what is going on (Tan 2008). Ideally, pregnancy is a wanted and happy event for women, their partners and their families. Unfortunately, this is not always so. Around the world, millions of women every year becomeRead MoreBill Of Rights : Constitutional Protection Of Individual Liberties783 Words   |  4 Pageswith respect to keeping appointments. I remember when I first came to the country and had to go for a physical examination and was suggested to make an appointment with the primary care doctor. This was a whole new experience for me since in the Philippines, you can practically walk in at any doctor’s offices for that matter regardless of your concern but the queue was pretty long. I have now recognized the value and significance of keeping and making an appointment. This allows doctors , nurses andRead MorePro Abortion Essay931 Words   |  4 PagesThrough many years, abortion is still considerably a very controversial issue in the society. In 1973, the U.S Supreme Court case of Roe vs Wade, abortion is a legal choice for pregnant women (Center for Reproductive Rights, 2003). However, in some countries like Philippine, Chile, Nigeria, etc. Abortion is noticeably illegal (Center for Reproductive Rights, 2003). In addition, having abortion is a very risky taken because women lose a lot of blood and especially feeling pain. When woman decidesRead Moreâ€Å"Positive Effects and Impact of Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines†7090 Words   |  29 PagesTopic Title: â€Å"Positive Effects and Impact of Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines† I. Introduction: The first time the Reproductive Health Bill was proposed in1998. During the present 15th Congress, the RH Bills filed are those authored by House Minority Leader Edcel Lagman of Albay, HB 96; Iloilo Rep. Dale Bernard Tuddao, HB 101, Akbayan Representatives Kaka Bag-ao Walden Bello; HB 513, Muntinlupa Representative Rodolfo Biazon, HB 1160, Iloilo Representative Augusto Syjuco, HBRead MoreThe Rh Law And Its Implementations Essay3412 Words   |  14 PagesAbstract This study uncovered the truth about the RH Law and its implementations. The RH Law was purposefully constructed to answer the issue of poverty, economic development and overpopulation. It also addresses certain problems of the country like gender inequality, abortion, teenage pregnancy due to premarital sex, and women deprivation. In accordance to the youth as a major part of the law, this study also examines the knowledge of the DLSU community regarding the law and how will it affectRead MoreEssay about A Research on the Reproductive Health Bill in Philippines2135 Words   |  9 PagesA paper on the Reproductive Health Bill in Philippines 1. Introduction As of 2014, Philippines has a population of 100,617,630 people, making it the twelfth most populated country in the world. The current population has an increase of almost sixteen million people since the year 2000 and is estimated to increase even more over the next 37 years . Overpopulation can be seen in all parts of Philippines including Dumaguete, which has a population of 120,883 people and has an average of 6 persons per

Literature Review Social Anxiety Disorder - 1633 Words

COLLEGE OF ARTS, VICTORIA UNIVERSITY MELBOURNE Literature Review Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescent Unit Title: Research Methods in Counselling Unit Code: APT 6006 Unit Teacher: Renzo Vittorino Student Name: Mirza Khushnood Ayub Student ID: s4530334 05/10/2015 This literature review is conducted to explore the social anxiety disorder, its Etiology, prevalence and finally putting focus on the need of a special treatment for adolescent with social anxiety disorder. Anxiety problems are the most common and widespread mental issues and are an area of interest for the medical as well as psychology researchers. These disorders are related to excess fear and anxiety and associated behavioural problems, where an†¦show more content†¦Although, all anxiety disorders essentially overlap each other still they can be differentiated by examining closely the symptoms of anxiety, and situations which are feared, including the exploration of cognition. Among all anxiety problems, social anxiety disorder is most common anxiety issue and third most common problem in all mental complications (American Psychiatric Association, 2000; Hofmann Bogels, 2006). SAD is a mental disorder which has a tendency to become chronic and badly disturbs normal functions of life if not diagnosed and treated in time (Beesdo-Baum, et al., 2012; Garcia-Lopez, Piqueras, Diaz-Castela, Ingles, 2008). It is also among the most prevailing mental disorders and is described in Criterion A of DSM-V as â€Å"Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others. Examples include social interactions (e.g., having a conversation, meeting unfamiliar people), being observed (e.g., eating or drinking), and performing in front of others (e.g., giving a speech)† (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). A specific amount of anxiety is always anticipated socially and helps an individual managin g future threats (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). But having social anxiety means that anxiety is too much for normal functioning during social situations and often interferes withShow MoreRelatedLiterature Review : Social Anxiety Disorder1149 Words   |  5 PagesVICTORIA UNIVERSITY MELBOURNE Literature Review Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescent Unit Title: Research Methods in Counselling Unit Code: APT 6006 Unit Teacher: Renzo Vittorino Student Name: Mirza Khushnood Ayub Student ID: s4530334 05/10/2015 â€Æ' This literature review is conducted to explore the social anxiety disorder, its Etiology, prevalence and finally putting focus on the need of a special treatment for adolescent with social anxiety disorder. Anxiety problems are the most commonRead MoreIntensive Individual And Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay906 Words   |  4 PagesLiterature Review Intensive Individual and Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder This article highlights the experience of a 46 year old woman with obsessive compulsive disorder, and how adding cognitive behavioral therapy to her treatment benefits her. Obsessive compulsive disorder is a disorder which affects approximately 2 to 3 percent of the population (Salkovskis, 2007) (Taylor Reeder, 2015). Cognitive behavioral therapy is a method of treatment recommendedRead MoreTypes Of Treatment For Anxiety Disorders873 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Anxiety disorders are distressing, and impairing conditions, associated with significant social costs (Palazzo, Altamura, Stein, Baldwin, 2014). There are many different types of treatment for anxiety disorders. Some are more effective than others. The studies within this paper will further tell us about anxiety disorder, different types of treatments, and treatment effectiveness. The Purpose of the Studies The purpose of the study by Palazzo, Altamura, Stein, and Baldwin (2014)Read MoreA Research Study On Social Anxiety1462 Words   |  6 PagesThis review is conducted with the purpose of providing detailed summary of available research literature about social anxiety in adolescent and to further explore the literature supporting cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment of social anxiety disorder in adolescent. As in literature, three processes describe the adolescent development and these are termed as biological, cognitive and socio-emotional (Santrok, 2001). Biological process states that every individual has a unique and matchlessRead MorePersonal Experience At High Stakes Testing1213 Words   |  5 Pagesstudent in the hours that followed. She had always been running to the restroom, in a near panic before exams. In fact, I came to learn that this child was experiencing anxiety that was especially present during high-stakes testing. This instance occurred during my fi rst year of teaching and it has shaped my views on anxiety in children. During the time of this event, I was administering the second round of a standardized test, the STAAR test, to special needs students that did not pass, orRead MoreSocial Anxiety And Its Effects On The World1738 Words   |  7 Pagesmost being specific to certain things or situations. Social anxiety is listed differently in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), with criteria almost identical to those of social phobia with the exception that the fear be out of proportion in frequency and/or duration (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Its symptoms range from blushing and profuse sweating to heart palpitations and panic attacks. 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These effects were larger in within-group interventions than in waiting-list interventions, and follow up studies done up to 12 months after treatment showed a retention of these effects. Generally, the use of cognitive restructuring and exposure was shown to have better results than the useRead MoreThe Average Age Of Onset Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder1310 Words   |  6 PagesThe average age of onset of generalized anxiety disorder is 31 years old. Generalized anxiety disorder affe cts about 6.8 million American adults. This disorder can develop at any point in the life cycle, but the highest risk is between childhood and middle age. Individuals who suffer from GAD can’t relax; they startle easily, and have difficulty concentrating. Often they have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep. 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Team Building in the Creative Industries Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.c

Questions: 1.Is teambuilding more problematic in the creative industries? 2.Make a list comprising functions that are artistic and others that are production oriented at Les Folies Bergere? Answers: 1. Team building is specifically comprised of different stages that include forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning (Schultz, 2007). Whilst it can be observed that working as a team can be advantageous as a result of synergy of the efforts of the team members involved towards the attainment of the desired goals and objectives, it is also worth noting that the team building exercise can be quite challenging in the creative industries. The major challenge that is likely to be encountered in team building pertains to conflicts that may exist between the members of the newly formed teams (Wilson, 2010). In this case, it should also be noted that the arts industry for example is comprised of different members and these include the following: the producer, director, production team, stage management, technical department as well as crew among others. These different members need to work as a team if they are to achieve their desired goals of offering services that will satisf y the needs of the targeted audiences. The creative industry is comprised of different teams that should work closely with the other teams within the same industry. The main challenging issue in team building in the arts industry pertains to the aspect of selecting the people with the right skills and knowledge to execute certain tasks within the team. For example, those people who work in the production team need to have technical skills as well as knowledge in the same field so that they can diligently execute their tasks. However, once the team has been formed, they can work closely together as long as their efforts are driven towards the attainment of the same goals. It is possible to have cross functional teams in the creative industry and these can work closely together as long as the culture within the organization permits that. 2. According to Librizi (2008), different teams at Les Folies Bergere and they perform different tasks. The following functions are production oriented: Production, stagemanagement as well as technical department. Production oriented functions are primarily concerned with the actual production of theater services to the audiences. There are different people who have to perform various functions in order to ensure that the targeted audiences get the valuable services they deserve. Production oriented services are technical in nature and they often involve the operation of various equipment such as lighting, sound as well as recording among other elements. This type of equipment is usually operated by technicians with knowledge in handling the equipment used (Hawkins and Meaner, 1998). The other type of equipment used is sophisticated and this is the major reason why people with knowledge in operating it are required to perform the tasks. On the other hand, the back stage team, orchestra and the fly men perform tasks that are artistic. The artistic tasks are mainly comprised of creating the actual contents that will be aired to the targeted audiences (Hawkins and Meaner, 1998). The performers need to practice different parts they will play in in theater and these should be carefully designed by people with expert knowledge in the area. The other artistic function pertains to the element of setting the stage for theatre and moderating the roles of different members involved. This function cannot be performed by a person who lacks understanding of how theatre functions since they need to contribute a creative feel to the whole production. References Hawkins, T Meaner, P, 1998. StageManagement and Theater Adminstration, London, Phaidon Books. Librizi, A 2008. Folie raconte- moi: La-Fabuleuse Histoire des Folies Bergere, Paris, LHarmattan. Schultz, R 2007. Human resources management. JB: Prentice Hall. Wilson, C 2010. Bruce Tuckmans Forming, Storming, Norming Performing Team Development Model. Available at https://www.sst7.org/media/BruceTuckman_Team_Development_Model.pdf. Accessed 30 May 2017. Weiner, B. J. 2009. A theory of organizational readiness for change. Implementation Science, Vol 4,Pp. 67-75.

Investment Appraising Methods

Introduction The business environment is dramatically changing; investors are more concise and critically evaluate the trends in the market before channeling their cash into any business projects.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Investment Appraising Methods specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Seitz and Ellison (1995) explains that, before venturing into business projects, investors need to understand investment appraisal methods or capital budgeting techniques; these are regarded as the standard project evaluating methods that help the investor understand the viability of any project. This paper is aimed at discussing and describing the investment appraisal methods that are essential and most appropriate in evaluating an investment project. Under this paper, we shall look at NPV, IRR, Payback period, and ARR. Discussion Net Present Value Net present value is difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows. In essence, NPV is the present value of future cash flows minus the purchase price (Arnold, 2007). In capital budgeting NPV is used to analyze the profitability of an investment project. The analysis in this case is tied to the reliability of future cash inflows in relation to an investment project will yield. NPV is calculated using the formula: CF0 = Cash flow at time zero, CF1 = Cash flow after one year, K = the opportunity cost of capital and n = number of yearsAdvertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More NPV is used in investment decision-making as it helps in calculating how much an investment project will return to the investor in a given period. The criterion for accepting an investment is that accepts all projects that have a positive net present value unless they are mutually exclusive or there is capital rationing. Consequently, if the c ash flow is a negative value, then the project is in a discounted cash outflow status as at that time (Bowlin and Scott, 1990). Investments with a positive NPV are essentially best ones to invest in (accepted). For example if: NPV 0 this means that the investment is capable of earning returns to the investor and therefore, the project may be undertaken. In this case, if there is more than one project under consideration, the one with the highest NPV should be given priority. NPV 0 this means that the project will require the investor to add in more money for the investment to run. This kind of investment projects are unacceptable and hence not worth venturing into them. NPV = 0 this means that the investment will neither gain nor lose value. This kind of projects does not add any monetary value to the investor. Decision on such a project is based on criteria such as strategic positioning. Internal Rate of Return As explained by Gitman (2000), this is the discount rate at which the net present value is zero, it is used in capital budgeting which makes the net present value of all cash flow from an investment project equal to zero. For instance, the higher the internal rate of return, the more profitable the project. In this case, a project with the highest internal rate of return should be undertaken as compared to those with lower IRR. In some cases, IRR is said to be the rate of growth of an investment project is expected to generate.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Investment Appraising Methods specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The IRR is given by r in the formula In this case if: K r; the opportunity cost is greater than the internal rate of return, the investment project should not be undertaken (reject) K r the opportunity cost is less than or equal to the internal rate of return, the project should be undertaken. Payback Period This is the period required for the return on inves tment to repay the sum of the initial investment (Eisenberg, 1996). It is the length of time required to recover the cost of an investment. It is calculated using the formula Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In calculating the payback period, the time value of money is not taken into consideration. Intuitively, payback period measures the time that a project takes to pay for itself. Shorter payback periods are preferred as compared to longer ones. Results Option A Payback Period – This is the time needed in order for the project to pay for initial capital. It has its limitations but it is an easy gauge to add to an analysis of how profitable and good a project is. The shorter the payback is, the better it is as an investment for the company. In option 1, the payback period is 6.15 years as shown in appendix 1and critical acceptance level is 2.75 years. Using this criterion, the project is not acceptable. Internal Rate Return – The internal rate of return is 7% that is rates that will yield zero NPV when compared with the negative cash flow of 2.5 million or initial outlay for the project. From this vantage point, it is not a good idea to go ahead with the project simply be cause the rate of return is lower than the cost of capital at 12% already. Net Present Value – The net present value of a project represents how profitable it will be for the company by using its future cash flow and discounting its value. If its value is bigger than the initial investment, then it is a good investment. The length of years used to calculate the net present value however could affect the NPV that is why it is also of critical importance to determine the correct length of years to use in the analysis. In this case, the option 1 seems to be unprofitable from the NPV point of calculation that is negative of $694,575 as shown in appendix 1. Option A Payback Period – the payback period as indicated in appendix 2 is 3.54 years and critical acceptance level is 2.75 years. According to these criteria, the project is not acceptable as the Payback period is lower than critical acceptance level of 2.75 years. Internal Rate Return – the IRR of the project is 18% as shown in appendix 2 and the cost of capital is 12%. According to this criterion, the project is acceptable. Net Present Value – The expected NPV is $ 64,656. The figures of present are already higher than the initial capital outlay by $ 64,656. The only flaw in this analysis would be the length of time used to determine the computation. According criteria the project is acceptable. Recommendation It can be said that the best method for appraising investments is the discounted cash flow methods. This implies that the IRR and NPV provide best options. Gitman (2000) as noted since payback method ignores cash flows occurring after the payback period, it cannot be applied alone because it only gives a general view. On the other hand, IRR is simple to understand but full of shortcomings. Accordingly, it is NPV, which is the best and most reliable appraisal method since it provides a detailed approach. In view of the above assertions, the best option in this case is option B because it has a positive net present value and IRR that is greater the cost of capital of 12%. Option A will not be acceptable using any of the three criterions considered in the analysis. References Arnold, G. (2007). Essentials of Corporate Financial Management. London: Financial Times / Prentice Hall. Bowlin, M. Scott, G. (1990). Guide to Financial Analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill. Eisenberg, R (1996). The Money Book of Personal Finance. New York: Warner Books, Inc. Gitman, L. (2000). Principles of Managerial Finance. London: Addison Wesley Longman. Seitz, N. Ellison, M. (1995). Capital Budgeting and Long-term Financing Decisions. Houston: Dryden Press. Appendix Appendix 1- Option 1 Appendix 2- Option 2 Year 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Capital cost (2,500,000) (500,000) operating and maintenance cost After tax operating Expenditures ($50,000) ($100,000) ($100,000) ($100,000) ($100,000) ($100,000) ($100,000) ($100,000) ($100,000) ($100,000) bene fits $0 750,000 750,000 750,000 750,000 750,000 750,000 750,000 750,000 750,000 750,000 Free cash flow (2,500,000) $200,000 $650,000 $650,000 $650,000 $650,000 $650,000 $650,000 $650,000 $650,000 $650,000 Required rate of return 12% Discount Factor 1 0.8929 0.7972 0.7118 0.6355 0.5674 0.5066 0.4523 0.4039 0.36061 0.3220 PV of free cash flow (2,500,000) $178,571 $518,176 $462,657 $413,087 $368,827 $329,310 $294,027 $262,524 $234,397 $209,283 NPV $64,656 IRR 18% Payback period total 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 initial cost $3,000,000 2,500,000 $500,000 net cash flows $3,300,000 $700,000 $650,000 $650,000 $650,000 $650,000 Payback period 3.54 years This report on Investment Appraising Methods was written and submitted by user Raven O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.